Flat-surface grinding-machine.



PATENTED FEB.17, 1903.

G. 'GORTON. FLAT SURFACE GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. B7, 1902 5 EHBETS-SHBET' 1.

E0 HODIJL.

Eiuoantoz George Gorfow,

i i Means mum;

' PATENTED FEB. 1'7, 1903.

APPLICATION FILED HA3. 2?, 1902.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

mm 7 mvY cm 0 o 2 0 mm RE MW 3 3 mfi w mu 11/ I r E\ l l \\\M\ 6 MM 7 0O w ull {I in E N lm l W o E o \x 1 N .K m 3 7 an 8 N8 wh @6 8 Q Q 00 m.Q m Q 7 ch anvewto'z G eorge aorta n.

EN/ manna mzncnms Farm #0.. wo'ram'uou wAsmnpmu, a. c. 4

No. 720,912 I PATENTED FEB. 17, 1903. G. GORTON.

FLAT SURFACE GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 27, 1902.

N0 MODEL. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

\ anwwtoz Geoi ge aorta n Wihwaou No. 720.912. PATENTBD PBB.17, 1903.

V G. GORTON.

PLAT SURFACE GRINDING MACHINE. AP?LIGATIQN FILED MAR. 27, 1803. 10MODEL. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 4 311 m Geo: 96 Go r6022.

. //MW //W him an E a a 5- e .i w

.... I; :i-r

PATENTED FEB. 1'7, 1903.

G. GORTON. FLAT SURFACE GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 27, 1902.

5 SHEETSSHEET 5,

N0 MODEL.

NITED STATES PATENT- GEORGE GORTON, OF RACINE, WISCONSIN.

FLAT-SURFACE GRiNDlNG-MACHIN E.

SPECIFICATION forming part or Letters Patent no. 720,912, dated February1 7, 1903. Application filed March 27,1902. $erial No. 100,275. (l lomodel.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnonen GonToN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Racine, Racine count-y, State of Wisconsin, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Flat-Surface Grinding-Machines;and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to certain improvements in grinding or polishingmachines, and relates more particularly to flat-surface grinders or whatare generally known in the trade as disk grinders.

An object of the invention is to provide certain improvements inhearings or mountings for the arbor of a flat or circular surfacegrinding-machine wherein the arbor carries one or more vertically orotherwise disposed grindin g-surfaces, usually circular disks or chucksrigidly secured to both outer ends of the arbor and carrying theabrading or grinding surfaces, the work being applied to theabrading-surfaces at the outer faces of said disks or chucks, a table orother fixture or support being provided for each abrading disk orsurface to hold the work.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved flat or curvedsurface grinding-machine having an improved, durable, comparativelydust-proof, and perfectly lubricated feed device for the work-table orother support carrying the work and forcing the same to therapidly-rotating abradingsurface.

Another object of the invention is to provide improved means in a flator curved surface grinder for maintaining an oscillating andvertically-adjustable Work-table automatically balanced, whatever thevertical or lateral adjustment thereof.

Another object of the invention is, to provide a flat or curved surfacegrinder having a vertically-adjustable worktable with an improvedautomatic counterbalancing mechanism which will uphold the work-table,even though the supporting and adjusting parts are loosened to permitvertical adjustment.

Another object of the invention is to provide a fiat or curved surfacegrinder with improved, simple, and very efficient and accurate swingingvertical and angular adjusting mechanisms for a work table or support.

Another object of the invention is to provide a flat or curved surfaceor disk grinder with an improved segmental work-table and holdingdevices, whereby most accurate angular adjustments can be attained wherecareful accurate work is required or surfaces must be finished ataccurate angles.

A further object of the invention is to provide certain improvements inparts and detailswith the'end .in view of producing an accurate,highly-efficient, flat or curved surface or disk grinder with perfectionof oiling arrangements and practically dust-proof working bearings andparts.

The invention consists in certain novel features in construction, incombinations, and in arrangements of parts and details, as more fullyand particularly pointed out and specified hereinafter.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which show inerelyfor purposesof illustration and explanation certain constructions as examples fromamong other arrangements within the spirit and scope of my invention,Figure 1 is a perspective view of a fiat or curved surface grinderembodying various features of my invention, the work-table opposite onegrindingesurface being shown arranged horizontally and at right anglesto the plane of the abradlng or grinding surface, the table opposite theother abrading-surface being shown tilted with respect thereto. Fig. 2is a top plan view of the machine, showing both work-tables in thehorizontal position and provided with protractors, the protractor of onetable having a square head clamped thereto, dotted lines indicatingahexagonal nut held in proper position by the protractor and its squarehead for accurate finishing by the abrading-snrface, the other tablebeing partially broken away, one grinding-head being partially brokenaway to show a grinding ring clamped therein, while the othergrinding-head is composed of a steel or other metal disk having a flat'abrading sheet or surface applied thereto. Fig. 3 is a front elevationof the machine of Fig. 1 looking at the opposite side from thatappearing in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the line 4; 4, Fig.3, showing the counterweight and mechanism for permitting oscillationand vertical adjustment of the table. Fig. 5 is avertical detail sectiontaken longitudinally of the counter-shaft or disk arbor and alsolongitudinally of the stud and feed mechanism, one end of the stud beingbroken away, the tables and counterweight mechanism not being shown.Fig. 6 is a detail vertical section on the line 6 6, Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is adetail sectional elevation showing the table, its quad rant, and aportion of the upright or slider carrying the table. Fig. 8 is a detailedge elevation of the table, showing the protractorhead and theprotractor square head clamped thereon. Fig. 9 is a detail perspectiveview bringing out the details of the hand feed-wheel and the stopmechanism therefor. Fig. 1.0 is a cross-section on the line 10 10,Fig.5,through an arbor-bearing and journal-box. Fig. 11 is a detaildiametrical section through the hand feed-wheel. Fig. 12 is a detailsection through a protractor-blade, showing a square head clampedthereon and partially broken away. Fig. 13 is adetailcross-sectionalview through the cross or hub head and the vertical plate carrying awork-table, showing the clamping means. Fig. 14 is a cross-section onthe line 14 14:, Fig. 5.

In the drawings, 1 is a suitable pedestalhaving a head-stock. Thepedestal and headstock can be cast in one piece, the pedestal beinghollow, substantially as shown. The headstock is provided withjournal-boxes 2 2, receiving the horizontal rotary arbor 3, said arborat its opposite ends, carrying the vertically-disposed grinding-disks.Two separated journal-boxes are shown, so that the central portion ofthe arbor between said boxes can rigidly receive the belt-pulley t, towhich the driving-beltisapplied. However,Idonotwish to limit myinvention to any particular means for applying the driving power to thearbor, as various arrangements other than the pulley shown can beemployed for this purpose. For instance, the journal-boxes might beseparated sufficiently and the head-stock be so formed as to receive anelectric or other motor, so that the power will be directly applied tothe arbor. In the example shown each journal-box has a removable top capor section, as usual, secured down on the rigid portion of thehead-stock, forming the under section of the box, or by two bolts ormachinescrews. However, I do not wish to limit my invention to either asplit or non-split journal-box, but clamping or holding means for thebearing-sleeves should be provided. The journal or hearing portions ofthe arbor are tapered from the central portion thereof, carrying thepulley to the outer endsthat is, the end .portions of the arbor taper inopposite directions to form conical bearings, while the opening througheach journal-box is cylindrical. The two bearing and journal portions ofand for the arbor are similar, so that a description of one will applyto the other, and it will here be stated that so far as I am at presentadvised I do not wish to limit my invention to the double type ofmachinethat is, an arbor carrying two oppositely-arranged grinding-disksand work-tables and supporting devices opposite said grindingsurfaces.

5 is a split adjustable end-thrust bearingbushing fitting the innersurface of the journal-box and extending longitudinally through andbeyond the same. The inner end of this bushing preferably abut-s againstthe end face of the pulley 4 or collars provided for that purpose. Thisbushing 5 is usually cylindrical exteriorly and internally and snuglyfits the inner surface of the journal-box, with the longitudinal split 6throughout the length of the bushing arranged at the bottom thereof orotherwise. The internal diameter of this bushing is greater than thegreatest external diameter of the conical journal ofthe arbor.

7 is a preferably, although not necessarily, unsplit metalbearing-sleeve tightly fitted longitudinally within the bushing 5 andusually projecting beyond the outer end thereof. This bearing-sleeve isexteriorly cylindrical to conform to the interior of the bushing, whilethe interior of the sleeve is longitudinally tapered to conform to thetapered journal of the arbor, which rotates in said sleeve. The bushingand sleeve are held against axial movement by any suitable means. Forinstance, I show a pin 8 inserted in the bottom of the journal-box andprojecting upwardly at the central portion of the box radially of thearbor and through the bottom split of the bushing and into 'a shallowlongitudinal groove 9 in the exterior bottom face of the bearing-sleeve.The groove 9 is elongated to permit the longitudinal adjustment of thetapered sleeve in the box and on the taper of the arbor to take up wearand secure the desired adjustment of the hearing. The inner end of thesleeve 7 preferably does not extend inwardly to the pulley, butterminates a distance back within the bushing.

10 is a lubricant-cup screwed into the top of the journal-box, which hasa duct for the lubricant coinciding with registering longitudinal slots11 11, opening radially through the bushing and sleeve to the taper ofthe arbor to freely supply the necessary lubricant to the hearing. Theopenings 11,11 are in the form of longitudinal slots to permit thelongitudinal adjustment of the bushing and sleeve.

The bushing 5, abutting against the side face of the pulley or a collaror other stop on the arbor, takes up the end thrust, and the sleeve andbushing can be adjusted independently and longitudinally by looseningthe screws contracting the journal-box or other bearing clamping means.When the journalbox screws are tightened, the split bushing is therebycontracted around the tapered bearing-sleeve and rigidly clamps the samein the desired position. The end of the arbor proj ectin g outwardlybeyond said bearing-sleeve receives the collar 12, to which the grindingor abrading surface carrier is secured. The collar slips on the taperedprojecting arbor end and is held to revolve therewith by suitable means,such as a key, fixed to one part and entering a longitudinal groove inthe other part. bor end by suitable meansfor instance, by a nut 13,screwed on the projecting reduced threaded end of the arbor and enteringa recess in the outer end or face of the collar. The outer end ofthecollar is annularly rabbetetl to receive the center of the disk or chuckcarrying the abrading-surface and to form the annular shoulder 14, onwhich the annular edge of the bore of the chuck or disk rests. Thecollar is shown formed with longitudinal holes to receive the screws orbolts clamping or securing the grinding disk or chuck on the collar.Flat circular sheet-metal disks 15, having their fiat faces covered orcoated with grinding or abrading material, can be removably secured onsaid collars, or other grinding-surface carriers or supports can besecured on said collars. For instance, large chucks or disks 16,carrying emery or other abrading-rings, can be employed. However, mypresent invention does not relate to the construction of the verticallyor otherwise disposed rotary grinding or abrading head carried by thearbor, and I do not wish to limit myself to any particular constructionin this respect. Suitable work carriers or tables are arranged at theouter or abrading faces of the vertically-disposed rotarygrinding-heads, so that the Work can be held to the abrading-surfaces,and these tables are preferably carried by adjustable devices andsupports. In the example shown the supports at one side of the machinefor one table are similar to those at the opposite side of the machinefor the other table, so that the explanation of the supports for onetable will apply to those for the other table, except that theright-hand table of Figs. 1 and 3 is not provided with the quadrant andis not intended for angular adjustment or tilting on its vertical plateor slider.

16' is a strong rigid horizontal usually cylindrical stud or shaftextending transversely through and beyond the side faces of the pedestalat a distance below the arbor ends. The central portion of the studbetween the side walls of the pedestal is usually enlarged or providedwith shoulders just within the pedestal. The vertical walls of thepedestal where the stud passes therethrough are formed with enlargedalined openings 17. These holes are preferably formed cylindrical andelongated bysurrounding'liangesorhu bs. The internal diameter of eachhole 17 is larger than the exterior diameter of the portion of the studwithin the hole, and the stud is rigidly fixed to the pedestal'andwithin these holes against axial and longitudinal movement by the dustcaps or shields having the longitudinally-split inner or bushing ends 18The collar is retained on the arand the enlarged outwardly-projectingends 19. One dust-shield is provided for each hole 17, and the portion18 of the cap fits tightly around the stud and is driven into the hole17, with the split at the bottom, and is thereby contracted and clampedaround the stud,

20 is a bearing and feed sleeve embracing So and longitudinally movableon the projecting outer end of the stud and extending beyond theextremity thereof with its outer end closed. The inner end of thissleeve 20 is surrounded by the enlarged outer end 19 of the dust-shield,and the sleeve moves longitudinally of and within said rigid cap fromits limit of outward movement to its limit of inward movement,and thecap snugly embraces the sleeve to prevent the entrance of grit and finedust to the sleeve and onto the surface of the stud. Suitable means areprovided to hold the sleeve against axial movement of the stud. Forinstance, the sleeve at its top portion and between its ends is shownformed with a radial slot therethrough and extending longitudinallythereof to receive the flat elongated sliding key 2].,extending inwardlyinto an elongated longitudinal groove 22 in the top of the stud. Theouter end of this groove 22 forms a stop against which the key abuts tolimit the outward movement of the sleeve on the stud, and the grooveextends inwardly of the stud and permits the fullin- Ward movement ofthe key and sleeve. The outer surface of the sleeve is reduced to form acylindrical bearing and an annular stopshoulder 23 at the inner end ofthe bearing. This bearing portion of the sleeve is embraced byacross-head hub 24. This hub is so formed as to freely move axially onthe sleeve or to be clamped rigidly to the sleeve against axialmovement. These functions can be accomplished in various ways. Forinstance, I show the hub split and provided with laterally-extendingseparated ears connected by clamping bolt or bolts 25, so that the hubcan be tightened and clamped on the sleeve or the bolts can be loosenedsufficiently to permit the hub to turn axially on the sleeve. The innerend of the hub abuts against the shoulder 23 of the sleeve, while thehub is confined on the sleeve by the split collar 26, rigidly clamped onthe projecting outer end of the sleeve. This collar 26 carries a rigidup Wardly-projecting arm or bracket 27 at its upper end, carrying asliding stop 28, arranged to be moved into or out of the path of a partof or member carried by the feedwheel 29. This stop can be in the formof a block or plate confined in a slideway or groove transversely acrossthe upper end of the arm 27, and the stop is shown provided with'anupwardly-projecting handle by which the stop can be moved. Thefeed-wheelis formed with a hub abutting against the outer end of thefeed-sleeve and slipped onto the projecting outer end of a feed-screwand confined to turn therewith by a key usually rigid with said screwand projecting into a longitudinal groove in the wheel-bore. Suitablemeans are provided to secure the wheel on the feed-screw. As a meanswhich can be employed for this purpose I show a lubricantcup 31,preferably of the compression type, screwed on the outer end of thescrew 30 and up against the feed-wheel hub. The feedscrew extendsloosely through the outer otherwise closed end of the feed-sleeve andlongitudinally of the sleeve and centrally and longitudinally into theouter end of the supporting-stud. The stud is formed with a centrallongitudinal passage or bore 32 to receive the screw and with a nut 33,fixed in the outer end of said bore and through which the screw works.The screw is provided with an annular stop or flange 34, abuttingagainst the in ner face of the end of the sleeve. Hence it is obviousthat rotation of the hand-wheel revolves the screw and slides thefeed-sleeve longitudinally of the supporting-stud inwardly and outwardlyas the hand-wheel is turned to the right or left. In order to maintainperfect lubrication of the moving partsviz., the sleeve on thesupporting-stud and the crosshead hub on the sleevel can form thefeedscrew with a longitudinal lubricant-supply duct 37 from thelubricant-cup 31 through the inner end of the screw and discharging intothe passage or bore 32 within the stud. The studis formed with radiallubricant-ducts 35 through the outer surface of the stud to lubricatethe engaging surfaces of the stud and sleeve. One of the ducts 35 isshown discharging into the key-groove 22 to supply lubricant for thesliding key and also to supply lubricant through the slot in thefeedsleeve receiving the key 21 to the inner surface of the cross-headhub engaging the exterior of the feed-sleeve. The feed-screw is alsoprovided with a small radial lubricant, opening 36 from the longitudinalduct 37 to the smooth-faced portion of the feed-screw forming thejournal or bearing of the screw in the outer end of the feed-sleeve, andfrom which surfaces the lubricant will find its way to lubricate theengaging surfaces of the feedwheel hub and outer surface of thefeed-sleeve.

In the specific example shown the crosshead hub is integral with avertically-disposed head 38, located to one side of the vertical planeof the stud and extending above and below the horizontal plane of thehub. The

outer face of this head can be longitudinally grooved to form a guide orslide way to receive the slider-plate or supporting-leg 39, dependingfrom and carrying the Work-table. The said slide-plate has longitudinalslot therethrough and in length equal to the extent of verticaladjustment of the work-table. Said slot is closed at its ends, and aclamping bolt or screw 41 passes through the slot and into thecross-head 38 to clamp the slidev.the cross-head hub is loosened tocarry the work-table back and forth across the abrading surface. Ifdesired, the longitudinal slide or guide way of the cross-head 38 can betapered or contracted inwardly by havingits side walls transverselybeveled. (See Fig. 13.) The longitudinal edges 40 of the slider ortable-carrying plate 39 are correspondingly beveled, and the arrangementcan be such that the inner face of the slider 39 is located a distancefrom the floor of the groove or guideway of cross-head 38. (See Fig.13.) When the bolt 41 or the nut thereof is tightened, the slider 39 iswedged into the tapered guideway and most firmly and rigidly locked inposition. The beveled or inclined edges take up wear and are notseriously interfered with in performing their functions by the grit andfine dust thrown off during the grinding operations. To prevent thel0ngitudinal walls of the slider yielding or springing toward eachother, I show a tapered washer 41' on the bolt and pressed into theslider-slot by the clamping-nut. This washer will support the side wallsof the slider and press them outwardly against the parallel walls of thecross-head guideway. However, I do not wish to limit other features ofmyinvention to this specific joint and clamping arrangement between theslider and cross-head.

A suitable counterbalancing device is employed to uphold or balance theslide-plate and its table when the screw 41 is loosened and also toautomatically maintain a swinging balance whatever the verticaladjustment of the work-table and slide-plate. As a means which might beemployed for this purpose I show a vertically-sliding counterweight 42,confined against lateral movement and guided in its Vertical movement bya rigid depending elongated bar 43, usually angular in cross-section andpassing through a correspondingly-formed hole extending longitudinallythrough the counterweight. This bar at its upper end is preferably,although not necessarily, detachably fastened. to the cross-head bypassing through a laterally-extending lug 44, rigid with the lower endof the cross-head and located a distance below the hub of saidcross-head. The upper threaded end of the guide-bar 43 passes throughsaid lug 44 and is secured by a nut on the upper end of the bar andlocated between the lug and hub.

45 is a flexible connection,such as a chain, at one end secured in or tothe upper end of the counterweight and from thence passing upwardly andloosely through openings in the separated ears of the cross-head hub andfrom thence over the rounded top surface of IIO said hub and down at theopposite side thereof through a central vertical slot 46 in thecross-head and opening through the floor of the guideway therein. Thelower end of the chain is detachably or otherwise secured at 47 to thelower end of the slide-plate 39, carrying the work-table. If desired,the chain can be readily released from the slide-plate and the weightthus allowed to drop from the guide-bar 43 with the chain, and theguidebar can also be readily removed by unscrewing its securing-nut. Theweight will approximately balance the slide-plate and table and upholdthe same when the clampingscrew 41 is loosened. Also as the slide-plateis raised or lowered the counterweight automatically moves in anopposite direction, down or up, the chain sliding over the top face ofthe hub, and hencethe parts are antomatically balanced to swing on thefeedsleeve, and the parts can be easily and conveniently swung to carrythe work-table back and forth across the abrading-face of the rotarygrinder or head.

The hand feed-wheel 29, which is turned to move the work-table to orfrom the face of the rotary abradingsurface, is preferably formed with agraduated scale around its rim to indicate the feed. This scale reads inconnection with a stop mechanism cooperating with the sliding stop 28,carried bya part rigid with the feed-sleeve. This stop mechanismcomprises a sliding block 48, arranged at and projecting inwardly beyondthe inner face of the rim of the hand-wheel and provided with adovetailed base fitted in an annular dovetailed or undercut groove 49 inthe inner side of said rim of the hand-wheel and extending completelyaround the said rim, so that said block when released can slidecompletely around the rim at the inner face thereof; The outer face oredge of said block usually has a mark to register with any one of theindicating-marks of the scale on the wheel-rim, so that the block can bemoved to any mark indicating the distance it is desired to feed the workand can then be clamped to the rim. The block proj ects inwardly, sothat when the sliding stop '28 is moved outwardly it will project intothe path of said block and engage the same and stop the rotation of thefeed-wheel when the work-table has been fed the desired distance. Theblock 48 can be provided with any desired clamping device, such as ahand-screw 50, passing through the same and provided with a head toclamp against the bottom wall of the groove receiving said block. Thefeed can be adjusted to a nicety by this device and is very effectivewhere accurate work is required and in effect constitutes amicrometer-feed.

The upper end of the sliding plate 39, carrying the worktable, isprovided with a transverse bolt-hole to receive the transverseclamping-bolt 51, securing the work-table 52 to said plate or bar. Theupper end of the slide-plate 39 is located approximately under thecenter of the w drk-table and is secured thereto by said bolt 51,passing through transverse holes in a pair of ears or flanges dependingfrom the under side of the table and preferably integral therewith. Thearrangement is preferably such that said clamping-bolt 51 is parallelwith the abrading-surface, so that when said bolt is loosened thestraight edge of the table adjacent to and parallel with theabrading-surface can move vertically and maintain its parallelism withsaid surface as the fiat top face of the table varies its angle withrespect to said abradingsurface. If desired, a depending quadrant 52 canbe mounted on said pivot and clamping bolt 51 and depend beside theslide-plate 39, with its lower sector-shaped edge provided with agraduated scale, as shown, reading from the side of the quadrant bymeans of an indicator on a lug 53, rigid or integral with theslide-plate and which, if desired, can also serve as a guide for thelower curved edge of the quadrant. The scale of the quadrant is for thepurpose of accurately setting the flat upper face of the work-table toany desired angle with respect to the vertical plane of the rotatingabrading-surface. If desired, the clamping-bolt 51 can pass looselythrough the upper end or hub of the quadrant 52, and the said hub can beformed with laterally or horizontally extending arms 54 5%, extendingoppositely on diametrically opposite sides of the clampingbolt and.beneath the table. Screw-threaded openings extend vertically through thefree ends of the arms and receive vertical adjusting or set screws 5555, at their upper ends abutting against the under face of the table. Bymeans of these screws the position of the quadrant with respect to thetable can be most accurately set and adjusted. After the position of thequadrant has been accurately set the quadrant can, if desired, beclamped to the table and slide-arm by the clamping-screw, and theset-screws will maintain the quadrant and table in their proper relativepositions when the clamping-screw is loosened to adjust the table to anyparticular angle. The work-table' shown has a flat plain top face and astraight inner edge 57, maintained parallel with the abrading-surface,and the table is usually beveled from the under side to form acomparatively sharp inner edge to permit the table to, move close up tothe abrading-surface when tilted up to an abrupt angle. The outer edge56 of the table is formed on the arc of a circle, preferably from oneend of the straight inner edge around almost completely to the oppositeend of said straight inner edge, although a straight edge 58, usually atright angles with the inner edge 57, can be provided, if desired,extending from one end of the edge 57 to one end of the curved edge 56.The table can be formed with a depending flange at saidoutwardlyextending straight edge 58 for the application of any specialfixtures which an operator may desire to attach to the table to receiveor hold special or peculiar work. The center of the circle in which thecurved edge 56 is included is preferably located at an intermediatepointin the length of the straight inner edge 57. Ahorizontally-disposed T slot or undercut or dovetailed groove or channel59 is formed in and throughout the lengthof the curved edge of the tableand opening outwardly through the vertical edge thereof below the fiattop face of the table. This channel is formed to receive the shank andhead or nut of a clamping-bolt 60, passing through a protractor head orblock 61 and accessible from the exterior thereof, so that the bolt canbe tightened to rigidly clamp the block at any particular point in thelength of the slot or loosened, so that the block can be moved to anypoint within the length of the curved edge. This protractor-head has anoutwardly and upwardly extending portion on which the outer end of theflat straight protractor-blade 62 is rigidly secured. This blade isusually rectangular in cross-section, with flat upper and lower faces,and rests on the flat upper face of the table and extends inwardly alongsaid face to the inner edge thereof. If desired, the inner end of theprotractor-blade can be beveled elf laterally from its rear side edge toa point, so that the front work-engaging edge 63 of the blade isstraight up to the inner straight edge 57 of the table, and theprotractor is usually so arranged that its said inner end isapproximately located at the center of a circle which includes saidcurved edge 56. The vertical front curved edge 56 is preferably providedwith degree graduations, and the protractorhead 61 can have an indicatormark or point to coincide with anyone of said degree-marks. The straightwork-receiving edge of the protractor usually constitutes a radius ofthe are of the curved edge 56, and the degree graduations indicate theangle of the said edge of the protractor with respect to the verticalplane of the abrading-surface. Hence the protractor can be accuratelyadjusted to any angle possible within the length of the curved edge andclamped rigidly in the desired position. This feature is of greatpractical utility where it is desired to accurately finish ofi work withflat faces at certain accurate angles with each other or other parts.The work is placed on the table and held against the straight edge ofthe protractor to give the angle and is then pressed to theabrading-face or held in position while the tablefeed, hereinbeforedescribed, is utilized to move the work to the abrading-face or toaccurately gage and determine the depth of surface ground off, as willbe readily understood by those skilled in the art. If desired, aremovable square head 64 can be provided for the protractor-blade. Thishead 64 consists of a strong metal block with a flat under face to reston the flat table-top. Near one end, on its under side, this block isformed with a transverse seat or groove to receive and fit down on theprotractor-blade, so that the inner straight work-receiving edge 65 ofthe head extends accurately at right angles from the working edge 63 ofthe protractorblade. The head 64 can be moved longitudinally oftheprotractor-blade, and is provided with means for detachably clampingto and at any position along said blade. For instance, a clamping-screw66 can be provided for this purpose. The drawings. show the applicationof the protractor square head in connection with finishing or grinding ahexagonal nut, and those skilled in the art will readily appreciate theoperation and advantages of this feature of my invention. \Vhen thisprotractor square head is employed, the table-feed mechanism is utilizedto force the work to the abrading-surface. However, I do not wish tolimit all features of my invention to the employment of a tablefeed, aswith certain kinds of work the article to be polished or ground can beby hand moved over the surface of the table and against theabrading-surface,as desired. Also I do not wish to limit all features ofmy invention to the employment of the segmental table, as for certainkinds of work a plain or rectangular table or some other form orarrangement of work-support can be provided. Also I do not wish to limitall features of my invention to the employment of the protractor eitherwith or without the square head. Also I do not wish to limit allfeatures of my invention to the angular adjustment of the work-table norto the protractor in combination with the segmental table, as theprotractor might be provided with an angle adjusting mechanism inconnection with other forms of work-table. Furthermore, I do not wish tolimit all features of my invention to the particular lubricatingarrangements nor to the particular arbor-bearings described.

It is evident that various changes and modifications might be resortedto in the forms, arrangements, and constructions of the parts describedwithout departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. Hence I donot wish to limit myself to the constructions exactly as shown, butconsider myself entitled to all such changes as fall within the spiritand scope of my invention.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In combination, in a surface grindingmachine, a support, a rotaryarbor mounted therein and havingan end outwardly tapered with a reducedshouldered threaded extremity, a collar slipped on said tapered end, akey to hold the parts to rotate together and permitting removal of thecollar, said collar having a reduced outwardly-extending hub around saidextremity and having an end nutrecess, a clam ping-n ut screwed on saidthreaded extremity and located in said recess, a grinding-head fitted onsaid hub and against the outer face of the collar, and means forremovably clamping the head to the collar, substantially as described;

2. In combination, in a surface grinding machine, a pedestal, agrinding-head, a rigid stud extending transversely through the pedestal, an outwardly-projecting dust-cap surrounding the stud andhavingahub contracted in the opening in the pedestal and around andclamping said stud therein, a sleeve on the projecting portion of thestud having its inner end inclosed by said cap, and verticallyadjustablework-supporting means, substantially as described.

In combination, in a grinding-machine, a pedestal, a horizontal rotaryabrading-head arbor mounted on the pedestal, said pedestal provided withalined transverse openings below said arbor, a transverse horizontalstud extending through said openings and projecting outwardly beyond thepedestal, split sleeves or hubs forced into said openings and around andrigidly-clamping the stud therein, and work-table-supporting devicesmounted on the projecting end of the stud.

at. In combination, a pedestal, a rotary grinder-head, a rigid studprojectiuglaterally from the pedestal,alongitudinally-adjustable sleeveinclosing the projecting stud, a rigid dust-cap exteriorly inelosing theinner end ofv the sleeve, means for moving. the sleeve longitudinally ofthe stud, mechanism holding.

the sleeve against axial movement on the stud, and work-supportingdevices carried by said sleeve, substantially as described.

5. In combination, in a grinding-machine, a pedestal, a rotarygrinding-head carried thereby, a rigid stud projecting horizontally fromthe pedestal, a rigid dust-cap projecting from the pedestal outwardlyaround the inner portion of the stud, asleeve-like member encircling andmovable on said stud and having its inner end exteriorly and looselyinclosed by said cap, and work-supporting devices carried by saidmember, substantially as described.

6. In combination, in a grinding-machine, a pedestal, a rotarygrinding-head, astud rigid with and projecting from the pedestal,asleeve inclosing and mounted to slide longitudinally on the projectingstud, said stud formed with alongitudinal groove, a key carried by thesleeve and sliding in said groove to hold the sleeve against axialmovement,'means to move the sleeve longitudinally of the stud, and worksupporting devices mounted on the sleeve,- substantially as described.

7. In combination, a pedestal, a rotary grinding-head, a projecting studhaviuga longitudinal passage, and a nut locatedtherein, and a work-tablefeed comprising a support or carrier longitudinally movable on said studand provided with an outwardly-projecting longitudinal freely-turnablefeed-screw passing longitudinally through said nut and into saidpassage, and at its outer end provided with a handwvheel, saidhand-Wheel having a graduated scale and stop adjustable along rigid studhaving a longitudinal passage with radial ducts therefrom to theexterior of the stud, a fixed nut in the passage, a sleevelongitudinally movable on the stud, a longitudinal feed-screw carried byand freely turnable in said sleeve and passing longitudinally within thestud and through said nut, hand turning means on the outer end ofsaidscrew, and a lubricant-cup secured on the outer end of saidscrew,said screw having a longitudinal duct from the cup and discharging intosaid passage, substantially as described.

9. In a grindingmachine, the combination of a pedestal, a rotarygrinding-head, a supporting-stud, a'longitudinally-movable worktablecarrier on said stud and provided with a hollow feed-screw screwinglongitudinally into the stud, a hand-wheel on the outer end of thescrew, a lubricant-cup securing said Wheel on the screw, the partsprovided with lubricant-ducts communicating through said screw with thecup, substantially as described.

10. In a grinding-machine, in combination, a pedestal, a rotarygrinding-head, a rigid stud, supporting-carriers for a work-tablecomprising a sleeve movable longitudinally on the stud and provided witha closed outer end beyond the stud, a feed-screw arranged longitudinallywithin the sleeve and screwing longitudinally into the stud andprojecting loosely through said sleeve end and provided with a shoulderto draw the sleeve outwardly, a hand-wheel secured on the projectingouter end of the screw, a stop carried by and adjustable around thehand-Wheel, and an adjustable codperating stop carried by said sleeveand arranged for projection into the path of said Wheel-stop,substantially as described.

11. In combination, in a grinding-machine Work-table support and feedmechanism, a supporting-stud, a sleeve longitudinally movable thereon, ahub encircling the sleeve and adapted to move axially thereon, alongitudinal feed-screw having exterior hand turning means and confinedloosely to the outer end of the sleeve to feed the same and screwinglongitudinally into the stud, said screw having a lubricant-ductextending longitudinally therethrough and a lubricant-cup discharginginto said duct, said stud and sleeve having lubricant-distributing ductscommun-icating with the inner end of said screw-duct and with the innersurfaces of said sleeve and said hub, substantially as described.

12. In combination, a pedestal having a rigid lateral support, a rotarygrinding-head above the support, a sleeve confined to slidelongitudinally on said support, a hub mounted on said sleeve andprovided with work-table supports, a collar on the sleeve confining saidhub thereon, a feed -screw for moving the sleeve longitudinally on thesupport, a hand-wheel for turning the screw, said wheel provided with anannular slideway around the same, a block movable around the wheel insaid slideway and provided with clamping means, and a stop carried bysaid collar and adapted to project into the path of said block to stopthe feed at a predetermined point, substantially as described.

1.3. Inagrinding-machine, the combination of a support, a movable memberforming a part of the work-table carrier, a hand feed mechanism formoving said member and comprising a screw and a hand feed-Wheel, saidwheel having a graduated scale arranged circumferentially around its rimand an annular slideway in the vertical or side face of its rim, a slideconfined in said Way to move around the rim and having anindicating-mark along said scale, means to clamp said slide at any pointaround the rim, and a movable stop carried by said member and adapted toproject into the path of the slide to stop the feed- Wheel at apredetermined point, substantially as described.

14. In combination, a pedestal, a rotary grindinghead, a lateralsupporting-stud, a longitudinally-movable sleeve mounted thereon andprovided with feed mechanism, a crosshead provided with a hub encirclingthe sleeve and adapted to rock thereon, a vertical adjustable plate orbar carried by said crosshead, and a Work-table opposite saidgrinding-head and carried by said plate, substantially as described.

15. In a grinding-machine, the combination of a pedestal, a lateralsupport, a cross-head comprising a vertically-disposed body having avertical slideway and a clamping-hub on the opposite side of the bodyembracing said support and adapted to turn thereon or be clampedthereto, a vertical plate slidable on said way, a work-support mountedin the upper end of said plate, said plate formed with a longitudinalslot, and clamping means extending therethrough into said body andextended outwardly to form a handle, substantially as described.

16. In a grinding-machine, in combination, a support, a work-tablecarrier movable axially on the support and comprising avertically-adjustable member, a work-table mounted on said member, meansfor locking said member and the table at the desired verticaladjustment, and a counterbalancing mechanism carried by said work -tablecarrier and maintaining the swinging balance thereof whatever thevertical adjustment of the member and table, substantially as described.

17. In a grinding-machine, in combination a pedestal, a lateral support,a cross-head mounted thereon and adapted to move axially thereon,vertically adjustable work table supports carried by said cross-head,and a counterbalancing mechanism comprising a weight and connectionsarranged to automatically move the weight up or down as said work-tablesupports move vertically in the opposite direction,substantially asdescribed.

18. In a grinding-machine, in combination, a pedestal, a support, across-head adapted to rock thereon, a vertically-adjustable membercarried by the cross-head, a work-carrier on the upper end of saidmember, a guide depending from the cross-head, a weight confined andlongitudinally movable on said guide, and a flexible supportingconnection from the weight passing over a part of said head anddownwardly and secured to said member, whereby the member andwork-carrier are balanced by the weight and as the member is movedvertically the weight is moved vertically in the opposite direction tomaintain a swinging balance of the parts, substantially as described.

19. In combination, in a grinding-machine, a lateral support, across-head between its ends having a clamping-hub mounted on saidsupport and adapted to oscillate thereon or be clamped thereto, saidhead having a vertical slideway and a longitudinal slot opening throughthe floor thereof, a vertical plate adjustable longitudinally on saidslideway and at its upper end adapted to receive the work holder orcarrier, means to secure said plate in the desired vertical adjustment,a counterweight, a vertical guide therefor, and a flexible supportingconnection secured to the weight and extending upwardly to and over saidhub and downwardly through said slot and confined to said plate,substantially as described.

20. In a grinding-machine, in combination, a vertically-adjustableplate, a support therefor, a work-table mounted on the upper end of saidsupport to tilt vertically, means to clamp the table to the support atthe desired angle, a quadrant depending beside said plate and providedWith a curved lower edge and graduated scale, the plate provided with alateral lug at said edge having an indication along which said scalemoves, the quadrant at its upper end mounted to swing with the table,substantially as described.

21. In a grinding-machine, in combination, a vertically-adjustableplate, supports therefor, a work-table, a clamping-bolt passed throughthe upper end of said plate and a part of the table to clamp the tableat any desired angle, a quadrant depending beside the plate, said boltpassing through the upper end of the quadrant, the upper end of thequadrant having oppositely-projecting arms beneath the table, andvertical setscrews passing through said arms and abutting against theunder face of the table, substantially as described.

22. In a grinding-machine, in combination, a work-table having a topface and a straight inner edge and a longitudinally-curved outer edge,the center of the curvature of which is located approximately at a pointalong the inner edge, a carrier arranged at the vertical face ofsaidcurved edge and adjustable longitudinally thereof, securing devicestherefor,

and a work-rest secured to and adjusted by outer edge and openingthrough the vertical I outer face of said edge below the plane of thetop face of the table, adjusting and securing means adjustable alongsaid slideway, and a work-rest secured to said means, and adj ustablethereby, and extending therefrom inwardly over the top face of the tableapproximatelyto the inner edge of the table, substantially as described.

24:. A surface grinding-machine, having a work-table formed with aslidewayin its outer vertical edge, a slide movable along said edge andprovided with clamping means, and a protractor extending inwardly overthe top face of the table approximately to the inner edge thereof andcarried by said slide, substantially as described.

25. A surface grinding-machine having a worktable with a flat uppersurface and a straight inner edge, in combination with aprotractor-blade extending from the outer edge of the table inwardlythereof approximately to the straight inner edge, and a holder for theprotractor adj ustable along the outer edge of the table, substantiallyas described.

26. A surface grinding-machine having a work-table with a curvedsegmental outer edge, said edge being provided with a graduated scale,the vertical portion of said edge formed with a longitudinal channel orgroove, a block movable along said groove and provided with means toclamp the same at any point along said edge, and a protractor-bladesecured to said block and extending inwardly and radially along the topsurface of the table, substantially as described.

27. A surface grinding-machine having the work-table with a fiat topface, a straight innor edge and a curved segmental outer edge, thecenter of the circle in which said curved edge is included being locatedapproximately at an intermediate point along said inner edge incombination with a protractor-blade, and adjusting and clamping devices,therefor,substantially as described.

28. A grinding-machine work-table in combination with a protractor-blademovable over the top face thereof and provided with ad j usting andclamping means, and a removable square head fitted to the blade andresting on the top face of the table, substantially as described.

29. A grinding-machine Work-table having the straight inner edge, and acurved segmental outer edge extending from one end of the inner edge,and an outwardly extending straight edge from the opposite end of thecurved edge to the opposite end'of the inner edge and approximately atright angles with the inner edge, said table formed to receive fixturesat said outwardly-extending straight edge substantially as described.

30. In a grinding-machine, in combination, a cross-head having avertical slideway with side walls,a vertically-adj ustable plate adaptedto receive the work carrying device or holder and mounted to slidevertically in said way and formed with a longitudinal slot, aclamping-bolt passing through said slot intothe head and provided with anut. and a tapered washer adapted to crowd into said slot and bearagainst the side walls thereof, substantially as described.

31. In a grinding-machine, in combination, a pedestal, a rotarygrinding-head, a support parallel with the axis of the grinding-head, awork-table carrier carried by and movable axially and longitudinally ofsaid support and comprising a vertically-adjustable member, a workholder or table mounted on said member, a hand feed mechanism for saidcarrier for carrying the work-holder to and from the grinding-head, andacounterbalancing mechanism balancing said member and the work-.

holder and maintaining said carrier in swinging balance irrespective ofthe vertical adjustment of the work-holder, substantially as described.

32. In a grinding-machine, in combination, a rotary grinding-head, apedestal, a work holder or table arranged opposite said head, a carriertherefor mounted to swing and carry the said holder back and forth infront of said head and comprising an adjustable member to vary thevertical position of said holder, and a counterbalancing mechanismmounted on the carrier and connected with said memher to maintain theswinging balance of said carrier irrespective-of the vertical adjustmentof said holder, substantially as described. 33. In a grinding-machine,in combination, a work holder or table, a carrier therefor comprising avertically-adjustable member carrying said holder, and a counterweightmechanism carried by said carrier and comprisinga weight and a flexibleconnection between the weight and said member whereby the weight risesand falls as said work-holder moves down and up, substantially asdescribed;

34. In agrinding-machine, in combination, a work holder or table, acarrier therefor comprising a vertically-adjustable member carrying thework-holder, a balance-weight supported by the carrier and connectedwith said member, and a micrometer hand feed mechanism for said carrier,substantially as described.

35. In a grinding-machine, aswinging toolholder carrier provided withmeans for vertically adjusting the tool-holder, and a counterbalancingmechanism carried by said carrier and maintaining the swinging balancethereof irrespective of the vertical position of the work-holder,substantially as described.

36. In a grinding-machine, in combination, a work table or holder, amovable carrier therefor comprising mechanism for vertically adjustingsaid holder, a counterweight mechanism for said holder mounted on andcarried by said carrier and means for moving said carrier, substantiallyas described.

37. In agrinding-machine, the combination of a pedestal, a rigid studprojecting therefrom, a work table or holder carrier mounted on andadjustable longitudinally of said stud, and a hand feed mechanism forsaid carrier comprising a screw and turning means provided with agraduated scale and an adjustable stop, substantially as described.

38. In a grinding-machine, in combination, a support, a work holder ortable carrier carried by said support and comprising a hub having adepending guide, and a verticallyadjustable member, the work-holdermounted on said member, means for clamping said member, a weight movablevertically along said guide, and a flexible supporting connection fromthe weight to said member, substantially as described.

39. In a grinding-machine, in combination, a pedestal, a stud carriedthereby, a sleeve longitudinally movable on the stud, a work holdercarrier mounted on the sleeve and provided with a work-holder, and ahand feed mechanism for moving the sleeve on the stud comprising a screwand a hand -wheel arranged at the outer end of the sleeve and stud andmoving with the sleeve, substantially as described.

40. In a grinding-machine, a work-table, in combination with aprotractor movable over the face of the table, a square head over theface of the table and projecting from and confined to said protractor,and adjusting and securing means for said protractor secured to saidtable at and adjustable along the outer edge of said table,substantially as described.

41. In a grinding-machine, a work-table having a straight inner edge anda curved segmental outer edge, the center of the curvature of which islocated approximately at a point intermediate the length of saidstraight inner edge, said table formed below the plane of its top facewith a slideway longitudinally of and at the outer vertical face of saidcurved edge, substantially as described.

42. In a grinding-machine, in combination, a rotary grinding-head, awork-table having an inner edge adjacent to said head and a segmentalcurved slideway or slot, the center of the curvature of which is locatedapproximately at a point intermediate the length of said inner edge, acarrier adjustable along said slot and provided with locking means, anda protractor extending over the face of the table approximately to saidcenter and secured to and adjustable over the face of the table by saidcarrier, substantially as described.

43. A grinding-machine work-table having a segmental curved outer edgeprovided at its outer vertical face with a slideway, in combination witha head adjustable along the outer face of said edge and provided withclamping means, and work-engaging means secured to said head andextending over the top face of the table, substantially as described.

44:. In combination, a work-table having a slideway, a slide adjustablelongitudinally of said way, a protractor-arm extending over the face ofthe table approximately to the inner edge thereof and at one end securedto and adjusted by said slide over the face of the table, and securingmeans to secure the said arm at the desired angle, substantially asdescribed.

45. A Work-table in combination with a protractor-arm movable over theface of the table and provided with adjusting and securing means, and asquare head over the face of the table and confined to and adjustablelongitudinally of said arm and provided with securing means,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE GORTON.

Witnesses:

ALBERT L. ANDERSON, JOHN P. BARRY.

